Discover a few large pond design ideas

Designing a large pond involves careful planning to create a functional and aesthetically pleasing water feature. Here are some ideas to inspire your project. We will also help you choose a pond liner that will give longevity to your build.

Naturalistic pond design

A naturalistic pond is designed to mimic the look and function of a natural water body, blending seamlessly into the surrounding landscape. It features irregular, organic shapes, a variety of aquatic plants, and gently sloping edges that allow wildlife to access the water easily.

A commonly asked question is whether you can line a naturalistic pond with a rubber pond liner? Yes, you can absolutely use a rubber pond liner such as EPDM or butyl rubber to line a naturalistic pond while still achieving a natural look. In fact, this is one of the best ways to ensure water retention while allowing for a natural ecosystem to develop. 

To install a liner to your large pond build, follow these steps:

• Add an underlay such as geotextile fabric to protect the liner from sharp stones and roots.
• Drape the liner loosely over the pond depression.
• Avoid stretching – let it conform naturally to the shape.
• Secure the edges with heavy stones, logs, or turf for a hidden, organic look.
• Cover your liner by adding a layer of washed gravel or cobbles over shallow areas to give your pond a naturalistic look.
• Spread a thin layer of aquatic soil over sections of the liner where you want to encourage plant growth.
• Blend the pond with surrounding landscape by using logs, reeds, and plants to cover exposed liner edges.

When planning a naturalistic pond build of any size consider the following,

• Create a pond that mimics natural water bodies with irregular shapes, gentle slopes, and native aquatic plants.
• A natural pond design encourages wildlife habitation and blends seamlessly into the surrounding landscape. It is therefore important to include wildlife-friendly features such as shallow, gently sloping areas for amphibians and birds. Add logs and rocks at the water’s edge to create sunbathing spots for insects and small creatures.
• Add oxygenating plants (like hornwort and water crowfoot) to help maintain clear water.

Raised large pond 

A raised pond can be an elegant garden feature, easier to maintain, and safer for families with young children. Typically, raised ponds are built between 45-60 cm tall (higher if you want it to double-up as a seating area).

For the structural materials we recommend you choose a durable material, such as treated timber, bricks, or concrete blocks.

Pond liner installation to vertically sided pond

• Lay a protective underlay inside the pond structure to protect the liner from punctures.
• Drape the pond liner over the walls, pressing it into all corners and folds.
• Leave at least 30 cm of liner excess around the edges.
• The alternative to a flexible liner is to order a box-welded pond liner (also known as a or pre-formed liner) custom-made to fit the exact dimensions of your raised pond. A box-welded pond liner (also known as a tailored or pre-formed liner) is custom-made to fit the exact dimensions of your pond, creating a perfectly shaped, seamless liner. Unlike flexible liners, it arrives pre-welded with sharp corners for square or rectangular builds and flat sides to fit neatly into formal geometric pond shapes. These liners are typically made from Epalyn EP (EPDM), Butyl rubber and are popular for formal ponds, koi ponds, and raised ponds where a clean, professional appearance is desired.
• Secure the flexible or box-welded liner to the top of the pond walls using battens, capping stones, or heavy decorative edges.

Raised large pond designs are deep and spacious, therefore ideal for keeping Koi. The fish need depth to grow large and stay healthy. A formal raised pond is usually 1.2m–1.5m deep (4–5ft) or more, which prevents overheating in summer and freezing in winter.

• The straight edges to the raised water feature maximize swimming space compared to irregular, shallow natural ponds. 
• Perfect for viewing and interaction. Raised walls bring the Koi closer to eye level, allowing for easy interaction and feeding.
• Some designs feature acrylic viewing windows, creating an "aquarium effect" for a more immersive experience.
• The clear, deep water enhances Koi colours, making them more visible and enjoyable to watch.
• Raised ponds are harder for predators (herons, cats) to access. The sheer vertical sides prevent animals from wading in or scooping out fish.
• Adding overhanging edges further increases protection.

Multi-level ponds

A multi-level pond features different depths or tiered sections, often connected by small waterfalls, cascades, or streams. This design enhances visual interest, improves water circulation, and provides diverse habitats for plants and wildlife.

Planning the layout and depths

• Shallow margins (15-30cm deep) – Ideal for plants like irises and marsh marigolds.
• Mid-level shelves (45-60cm deep) – Suitable for water lilies and smaller fish.
• Deep zone (90cm+ deep) – Helps fish survive in winter and reduces algae growth.
• Waterfall/stream section (optional) – Enhances oxygenation and aesthetics.

Building a multi-level pond

• To incorporate multiple interconnected ponds at different elevations, dig each section with sloped transitions between levels.
• Ensure ledges are wide enough to support rocks and plants (at least 20-30cm).
• Allow for water to cascade from one to another.
• Once the structure is complete, use a geotextile underlay to cover the pond to prevent punctures to the pond liner.
• Lay a single EPDM rubber liner over the entire pond, ensuring it conforms to each level. Sheets of rubber liner can be welded together for large builds.
• Avoid sharp folds—gently press liner into place.

Koi ponds with viewing platforms

A Koi pond with viewing platforms creates a stunning focal point, allowing you to enjoy your fish up close while providing them with a healthy, well-maintained environment. Below are a few ideas on designing, constructing, and waterproofing your Koi pond with integrated viewing areas.

• Design a pond specifically for koi fish, featuring clear water, minimal plantings, and structures like bridges or viewing decks.
• Offer a dedicated space to observe and enjoy ornamental fish.

• Raised pond with acrylic viewing windows:
  • Provides a clear, aquarium-style view of Koi.
  • Constructed with reinforced walls and a sealed acrylic or glass panel.
• Bridges and overhanging platforms:
  • Built from timber decking, stone slabs, or steel grates for a floating effect.
  • Offers shaded areas beneath for fish to rest.
• Walkway over pond edge:
  • Extends over the water, giving a floating dock-style viewing area.
  • Must be structurally reinforced for safety.

When building a Koi pond of any size it is important to use high-quality materials to ensure a strong, durable construction. If you use wood or metal components they will need to be guaranteed non-toxic, therefore avoid timber treated with harmful chemicals.

Monitor water parameters regularly by maintaining the pH, ammonia, and oxygen levels. A proper bottom drain and filtration system saves work.

Incorporate waterfalls and streams

• Add dynamic elements such as waterfalls or streams to your pond design.
• Enhances auditory appeal with the sound of flowing water and improves water aeration.

Additional considerations

• Site Evaluation: Assess the topography, soil type, and water source availability to determine the best location and design for your pond.
• Environmental Impact: Ensure your pond design supports local wildlife and complies with environmental regulations.
• Maintenance: Plan for accessibility and ease of maintenance, including considerations for debris removal, water quality management, and structural inspections.

We hope these large pond ideas are helpful. You can also visit our page on the various projects we have helped to install pond liners.